Orthodontic Tooth Movement is a kind of procedure that involves physiologic and pathologic forces and it responds to the external applied forces. This process is followed by reversible injury into the supporting tissues of the tooth. In order to understand orthodontic tooth movement, it is essential that people understand the inflammatory mechanisms along with the skeletal mechanotransduction. Many people have a notion that orthodontic tooth movement and tooth eruption are same but it is actually not the case. The former is a kind of periodontal ligament while the latter is dental follicle. The only similarity between the two is the need of an intervening biological active soft tissue.

There are overall 3 phases so involved in Orthodontic Tooth Movement and they are: Instant Tooth Displacement, Delays in Which No Movement takes Place and the last one is the Linear Movement. There are two internal processes involved in the overall movement procedure and they are called Periodontal Tissue Modeling and the other one is Alveolar Bone Bending. Osteogenesis and Osteoclastogenesis are the two clinical biological processes that are involved in the Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Apart from that, there are 2 known forces that are involved in this process which makes stains in the tooth’s supporting tissue and are called Tensile and Compressive. There are certain finite models which help in transferring the load from the teeth to that in the alveolar bone and it is brought about by the periodontal ligament. The soft tissue underlying the tooth does an important task of remodel the adjacent tissue and the Bone Turnover helps in the translocation of the teeth through the alveolar bone.

In the overall Orthodontic Tooth Movement, the periodontal ligament plays a vital role and it is so because of its molecular, cellular and biochemical nature. Moreover it is made up of reinforced substance and as a result of which it can easily respond to viscoelastic force. This in turn helps to transfer the force that acts on the jaws during the orthodontic tooth movement. The neurovascular mechanism plays an important role in orthodontic tooth movement and it is evident from the development of the inflammatory reaction. There are two important requirements for this orthodontic process and they are soft tissues and a temporary bone turnover.